Stem Cell Breakthroughs 2013-2014

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  There are a wide number of stem cells that can be created from the following.

1. Effective Stem Cell Treatments for Lung Diseases
2. Blood stem cell transplantation to treat diseases and conditions of the blood and immune system,
3. Human brain cells created using stem cells
4.Stem cells successfully treat genetic disease for the first time
5.Japanese researchers grow working liver from stem cells 
6. Healing burns in a matter of days with the stem-cell gun 
7. Stem cells restore vision in blind man
8.Scientists use 3D printing to layer stem cells into organs
9.Plastic trachea covered in stem cells successfully implanted in American
10.Stem cell-coated contact lens restores vision to the partially sighted
11.Researchers grow teeth from stem cells
12.Extracting brain cells through the nose could cure diabetes
13.Scientists working on creating synthetic human blood
14.Scientists are trying to build a human heart
15.Fracture putty' may quicken the bone-healing process
16.Surgical 3D printing BioPen writes in bone, nerve and muscle
17.3D printing right into your spine could make you whole again

Human brain cells created using stem cells
  • Totipotent (a.k.a. omnipotent) stem cells can differentiate into embryonic and extraembryonic cell types. Such cells can construct a complete, viable organism.[4] These cells are produced from the fusion of an egg and sperm cell. Cells produced by the first few divisions of the fertilized egg are also totipotent.[5]
  • Pluripotent stem cells are the descendants of totipotent cells and can differentiate into nearly all cells,[4] i.e. cells derived from any of the three germ layers.[6]
  • Multipotent stem cells can differentiate into a number of cell types, but only those of a closely related family of cells.[4]
  • Oligopotent stem cells can differentiate into only a few cell types, such as lymphoid or myeloid stem cells.[4]
  • Unipotent cells can produce only one cell type, their own,[4] but have the property of self-renewal, which distinguishes them from non-stem cells (e.g. progenitor cells, muscle stem cells).
References:
·  Western P (2009). "Foetal germ cells: striking the balance between pluripotency and differentiation". Int. J. Dev. Biol. 53 (2–3): 393–409. doi:10.1387/ijdb.082671pw. PMID 19412894.
·  Sugimoto K, Gordon SP, Meyerowitz EM (April 2011). "Regeneration in plants and animals: dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation, or just differentiation?". Trends Cell Biol. 21 (4): 212–8. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2010.12.004. PMID 21236679.

http://www.closerlookatstemcells.org/Top_10_Stem_Cell_Treatment_Facts.html
http://www2.lunginstitute.com/ydn/stream/ 
http://www.device.com
http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/nsn08.sci.life.stru.stemcell2/stem-cells-breakthrough/
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-rise-of-the-multi-talented-adult-stem-cell-4492929/?no-ist
http://www.newscientist.com/topic/stem-cells










References:

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